Carburetor



Jun 9, 1931.

C. N. POGUE CARBURETOR Filed Aug. 20. 192'7- 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 lmlsmme amnaszmmue. 9- M 126.

JTTGP/VEYJ' Patented June 9, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CHARLES NELSON .POGUE, 0F WINNIPEG, MANITOBA, CANADA, ASSIGNOR TO ALFRED JOSEPH ANDREWS, TRUSTEE, OF W IIITNINIIPEG',v CANADA OARIBURETOR Application filed August 20, 1927. Serial No. 214,360.

This invention relates to improvements in carburetors or like devices for forming a combustible mixture from a fuel, and the general objects of the invention are to provide a combustible mixture and effect an economy in the amount of liquid fuel used.

More particular objects of the invention are to provide for the positive and" regular feed of the liquid fuel and the complete admixture of the same with air to form the combustible mixture.

Further objects still are to regulate the air intake, to provide for the preheating of the combustible mixture, and to add thereto when required regulated quantities of water vapor.

In its construction the invention includes.

more fully set forth and described in the accompanying specification and drawings. In the drawings: 7 Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of one embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a section on the line 22, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a section on the line 33, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a detail in elevation of the cam for operating the fuel pump.

Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5-5, Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a detail showing a portion of the engine and the connection for supplying water vapor when desired.

Fig. 7 is a section elevation through the water supply tank used to supply water vapor.

In the drawings like characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Referring to the drawings, A indicates a casing formed with suitable passages hereinafter described and of a form to contain various adjustable pockets. B indicates the fuel supply chamber having an inlet port 10 through which the liquid fuel such as gas0- line, kerosene, crude oil or the like is sup plied from the conduit 11, the inflow being regulated by convenient means to maintain a determined level of the liquid fuel in the chamber B, the means I have shown for this purpose comprisin a float C pivoted on a cross pin 12 secure to the casing and which has a rod 13 pivoted to its outer extremity and connected to a needle valve 14 co-operating with a valve seat 15 on the inner side of the port 10.

Means are provided for moving the float C from the exterior of the casing in order that the valve 14 may be moved on its seat in the event. that it should become stuck or that particles of foreign matter should become engaged between the valve and the seat. The means I have shown for this purpose comprise a spring pressed plunger 16 extending through the wall 17 of thecasing andbeing normally held in raised position by a spring 18 which extends from the wall 17 to a valve head or nut 19 on the plunger, the upper movement of the plunger being limited by a I cross pin 20 designed to engage the under side of the wall 17 The fuel chamber B is divided on the interior into two compartments by a partition 21 spaced as at 22, the lower edge of. which forms a port or channel for the passage of liquid between the two compartments, the float C being located in the compartment 23 while the compartment 24 contains the pumping means D. These pumping means, in the embodiment illustrated comprise a plunger 25 operating in a cylinder 26, the cylinder having its lower end constituted by the bottom wall 27 of the chamber B and having its upper end open and above the normal surface of the liquid in the chamber B, the liquid bein designed to flow into the cylinder throug a port 28 in the wall thereof,

which port is closed by the plunger D during through the wall of the casing. The plunger is reciprocated in any convenient way. I have shown adriving shaft 29 extending transversely across and mounted in the walls of the chamber B and being adapted to be driven by a pulley 30 which, in the case of an automobile engine, may be connected by a belt to the fan of the engine or other convenient operative source. \Vhere the device is used with other engines any convenient source of power may be used for continuously driving the shaft 29.

Mounted on the shaft 29 is an eccentric'31,

the strap 32 of which is pivotally connected to the bifurcated ends of a connecting rod 33, the lower extremity of which is pivotally connected to the plunger 25.

On the downward movement of the plunger 25, the liquid fuel contained within the cylinder 26 is designed to be forced through an outlet port 34 communicating with a conduit 35 which leads the fuel to the mixing chamber E, return movement of the fuel being prevented by a spring check valve 36 conveniently arranged immediately below the port 34.

A strainer 37 may also be conveniently arranged below the check valve and provided with a removable threaded drain plug 38 which when removed will permit the removal of the screen for cleaning purposes.

The conduit 35 in the embodiment illustrated extends through the chamber B and is connected to an inlet port 39 in the easing A, this port leading to the nozzle 40 from which the fuel is projected into the mixing chamber E, the nozzle. being conveniently controlled by a needle valve 41 mounted on a threaded stem 42 adjustable by a nut 43 on the exterior of the casing and extending through a suitable packing box 44. The liquid fuel passing from the nozzle 40 is designed to be mixed initially with a certain quantity of air designed to atomize the same, this air being introduced through a port 45 leading from the main air supply channel or conduit 46. The passage of air through this channel may be under atmospheric or any desired pressure and is conveniently regulated by a butterfly valve 47 in the channel operable from the exterior of the casing. The passage of air from the port 45 may be controlled by the valve 48 of segmental cylindrical form operable from the exterior of the casing and mounted in a suitable seat 49 on the interior of the casing.

Additional air is supplied to the mixing chamber in order to complete the vaporization -of the fuel by means of an air inlet nozzle 50 in the form of asleeve having an inwardly tapered upper portion 51. Above the nozzle 50 is a sleeve valve member 52 mounted on a threaded sleeve 53 which extends through the casing and is adjustable by the nut 54. The sleeve 52 is attached by a spider 54a to bustible .mixture.

the sleeve 53 and has a lower outwardly flaring tapered portion 55 cooperating with the portion 51 to form a regulatable air outlet port. A certain portion of the air will pass through the sleeve 52, the upper portion of which is inwardly tapered at 56 and arranged to cooperate with an outwardly tapered portion 57 on a sleeve valve 58 of similar form to the valve 52 and mounted on a threaded sleeve 59 which extends within the sleeve 53 and is adjustable within the same by means of the nut 60. A certain portion of the air will also pass through the sleeve 58 and through the outwardly flared upper extremity 61 of the same. The passage of air through the latter is controlled by a conical valve 62 which is adjustable by means of a nut 62a and which also controls the outlet port 63 from the vaporizing chamber E. This valve is designed to cooperate with a tapered seat 64 formed about the said port for controlling the passage of the combustible mixture through the same, this butterfly valve being regulatable on the exterior of the casing. 7

As a further preventative against back firing I may provide a floating valve 66a in the conduit 65, spring held in closed position and designed to be opened by the suction of the engine. The cross sectional area of the vaporizing chamber E is relatively large with respect to the outlet conduit 65 to insure thereby that the velocity of the atomized and vaporized fuel will be reduced in the mixing chamber to such an extent as to maintain it temporarily quiescent for a sufiicient period of time to enable complete vaporization thereof and admixture with the air to take place finally to produce a complete dry comaided by bafiie means such as a screen 68 conveniently of conic-a1 form and mounted within the chamber E. The interior of the chamber E may be of any convenient shape. It is shown in the present embodiment as spherical in the interior.

To provide for the draining of any condensed liquid fuel from the vaporizing chamber E I provide a drainage channel 69 around the bottom of the same, communicating with a port 70 leading to a conduit 71 which leads into the top of the fuel chamber B.

Preferably the chamber B and easing A are connected as by a bracket 72 on the casing which embraeesthe upper portion ofthe chamber B. In order to facilitate the vaporization'of the liquid fuel, means are provided for heating the chamber E. The

This action is further means which I show comprises a heatin chamber F surrounding the chamber E an through which the heated gases from the exhaust of the engine may be caused to pass. This chamber has an inlet port 73 at one side and an outlet port 74 at the opposite side. The inlet port is connected to a conduit 75 leading from the exhaust manifold and the port 73 may be connected to a conduit 76 leading, in the case of an automobile, to the muflier. In using the exhaust gases as a means of preheating it is desirable to provide some form of thermostatic control which may be done by providing a thermostat G connected to the conduit 75 adjacent the port 7 3. This thermostat may be of any convenient kind designed to open or close the passage and thus to maintain a substantially determined temperature.

In some cases it is desirable to provide water vapour for the combustible mixture, as in the case of an automobile. The water circulation system may be used as a source of supply for the water from which the vapour is produced.

Referring to Fig. 6 I have indicated an engine H and radiator I and a water tank J connected by conduit 77 with the water connection 78 between the radiator and engine casing. The inlet from the conduit 77 may be controlled by a float valve 78a controlled by a float 79 within the tank and mounted on a pivoted lever 80 connected to the valve 7 8a by a link 81. This will maintain a determined quantity of liquid in the tank J. The tank itself is conveniently mounted on the exhaust manifold K of the engine so that it will be elevated in temperature to produce a supply of water vapour which is led by the conduit 82 to the conduit 65 through which the combustible mixture passes. An overflow conduit 83 may also be connected to the tank J.

It will be seen that in operation the liquid fuel is positively, fed by mechanical means, in this case through the vaporizing chamber, and there it is maintained quiescent while being heated and thoroughly admixed with air to produce thereby a dry combustible mixture which may be mixed with water vapour and fed to the engine cylinder. The preheating is thermostatically controlled and the air supply as well is capable of accurate adjustment so as to regulate independently the quantities" of air introduced at different heights in the vaporizing chamber.

As many changes could be made in the above construction and many apparently widely different embodiments of my invention, within the scope of the claims, constructed without departing from the spirit or scope thereof, it is intended that all matter contained in the accompanying specification and drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

What I claim as my invention is:

1. In a device of the character described and in combination, a fuel supply chamber, a vaporizing chamber, a pump in the fuel supply chamber, a conduit extending from the pump to the vaporizing chamber, a valve controlling the passage of fuel to the vaporizing chamber, means for introducing a regulated quantity of air to atomize the fuel and means for introducing further regulated quantities of air at different portions of the vaporizing chamber to admix with the atomized fuel.

2. The device as claimed in claim 1 in which the atomizing means are Provided in the vaporizing chamber.

3. The device as claimed in claim 1 in which a heating chamber surrounds the vaporizing chamber.

4. The device as claimed in claim 1 in which the second named means for introducing the air comprises a plurality of sleeve like members adjustably arranged with respect to each other.

5. A device of the character described comprising a fuel chamber, a vaporizing chamber. pumping means in the fuel chamber, a conduit for leading the fuel from the fuel chamber to the vaporizing chamber, a valve in said conduit controlling the passage of fuel therethrough, an air conduit communicating with the vaporizing chamber adjacent the fuel inlet thereinto, a second air conduit for introducing substantial quantities of air into the vaporizing chamber at a point removed from the fuel inlet, and means for regulating the air supply.

6. A device according to claim 5 in which said second air conduit comprises a plurality of sleeve-like members adjustably mounted with respect to each other for feeding the air supply.

7. A device according to claim 5 in which the vaporizing chamber is provided with a conical baffle screen.

8. Adevice according to claim 1 comprising means for draining the condensed fuel from the vaporizing chamber and leading it back to the fuel chamber.

9. A device of the class described comprising a fuel chamber, a vaporizing chamber, means for feeding fuel from said fuel chamber to said vaporizing chamber, means for regulating the amount of fuel thus fed, and means for separately regulating the fineness of the fuel stream entering said vaporizing chamber.

10. A device of the class described comprising a fuel chamber, a vaporizing chamber, means for causing a fuel stream to enter said vaporizing chamber, means for causing a first air stream to enter said vaporizing chamber to form a combustible mixture a second air streainto enter said vaporizing chamber in a direction substantially opposed to that of said first air stream.

11. A device according to claim 10 in 5 which means are provided for regulating the first air stream and separate means are provided for regulating the second air stream.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two witnesses. CHARLES NELSON POGUE. 

